Qonda amaphutha e-Arc kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-AFCI

Igama elithi "iphutha le-arc" libhekisela esimweni lapho izintambo ezixegayo noma ezigqwalile zidala ukuthintana ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kubangele ukuthi intambo kagesi ihlansise noma i-arc phakathi kwamaphoyinti okuxhumana ensimbi.Uzwa i-arring uma uzwa iswishi yokukhanya noma i-outlet ikhala noma ihayiza.Lokhu ku-arcing kuhumusha ukushisa bese kunikeza i-trigger yemililo kagesi, lokhu empeleni kwephula i-insulation ezungeze izintambo ezibambayo.Ukuzwa umsindo wokushintsha akusho ukuthi umlilo ususondele, kodwa kusho ukuthi kunengozi engaba khona okufanele ixazululwe.

I-Arc Fault vs. I-Ground Fault vs. Isekethe Efushane

Amagama e-arc fault, iphutha eliphansi, kanye ne-short-circuit ngezinye izikhathi adala ukudideka, kodwa empeleni anezincazelo ezahlukene, futhi ngayinye idinga isu elihlukile lokuvimbela.

• Iphutha le-arc, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, lenzeka lapho izintambo ezixegayo noma izintambo ezigqwalile zidala inhlansi noma i-arcing, kungase kudale ukushisa namandla omlilo kagesi.Kungase kube isandulela sesekethe emfushane noma iphutha eliphansi, kodwa ngokwayo, iphutha le-arc lingase lingavali i-GFCI noma i-circuit breaker.Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokuqapha amaphutha e-arc i-AFCI (i-arc-fault circuit interrupter)—kungaba indawo ye-AFCI noma i-AFCI circuit breaker.Ama-AFCI ahloselwe ukuvimbela (ukuqapha) ingozi yomlilo.
• Iphutha eliphansi lisho uhlobo oluthile lwesekhethi emfishane lapho amandla "okushisa" anamandla athintana nomhlabathi ngephutha.Ngezinye izikhathi, iphutha eliphansi empeleni laziwa ngokuthi "i-short-to-ground."Njengezinye izinhlobo zezifunda ezimfushane, izintambo zesifunda zilahlekelwa ukumelana phakathi nephutha lomhlabathi, futhi lokhu kubangela ukugeleza okungavinjelwanga kwamandla okumele kubangele ukuba i-breaker circuit ihambe.Kodwa-ke, i-circuit breaker ingase ingasebenzi ngokushesha ngokwanele ukuvimbela ukushaqeka, Ikhodi kagesi idinga amathuluzi okuvikela akhethekile ngenxa yalesi sizathu, yingakho ama-GFCIs (iziphazamisi zesekethe ye-ground-fault) kudingeka afakwe ezindaweni lapho amaphutha omhlaba engenzeka kakhulu khona, njengezindawo zokudayisa eduze kwamapayipi amapayipi noma ezindaweni ezingaphandle.Bangakwazi ukuvala isekethe nangaphambi kokuba kuzwakale ukushaqeka ngoba la madivayisi azwa ukuthi amandla ashintsha ngokushesha okukhulu.Ngakho-ke, ama-GFCI ayisisetshenziswa sokuphepha okuhloswe ngaso ukuthi sigadwe kakhuluukwethuka.
• Isekethe emfishane isho noma yisiphi isimo lapho amandla "okushisa" aphuma khona ngaphandle kwesistimu yezintambo ezimisiwe futhi axhumane nendlela yezintambo emaphakathi noma indlela yaphansi.Ukugeleza kwamanje kulahlekelwa ukumelana kwayo futhi ngokuzumayo kukhuphuka ngevolumu uma lokhu kwenzeka.Lokhu ngokushesha kubangela ukuthi ukugeleza kudlule umthamo we-amperage we-breaker circuit elawula umjikelezo, ovame ukuhamba ukumisa ukugeleza kwamandla.

Umlando Wekhodi Ye-Arc Fault Protection

I-NEC (Ikhodi Kagesi Kazwelonke) ibuyekeza kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu, kancane kancane iye yandisa izidingo zayo zokuvikela amaphutha e-arc kumasekhethi.

Iyini i-Arc-Fault Protection?

Igama elithi “arc-fault protection” libhekisela kunoma iyiphi idivayisi eklanyelwe ukuqapha ukuxhumana okunephutha okubangela i-arcing, noma inhlansi.Idivayisi etholayo izwa i-arc kagesi bese iphula isekethe ukuvimbela umlilo kagesi.Imishini yokuvikela i-arc-fault ivikela abantu engozini futhi ibalulekile ekuphepheni komlilo.

Ngo-1999, Ikhodi yaqala ukudinga ukuvikelwa kwe-AFCI kuwo wonke amasekhethi okuphakela amakamelo okulala, futhi kusukela ngonyaka ka-2014 kuqhubeke, cishe wonke amasekethe ahlinzeka ngezitolo ezivamile ezindaweni zokuhlala kudingeka abe nokuvikelwa kwe-AFCI ekwakhiweni okusha noma kumaphrojekthi okulungisa kabusha.

Kusukela ngohlelo lwango-2017 lwe-NEC, amagama eSigaba 210.12 athi:

Konke120-volt, isigaba esisodwa, 15- kanye 20-ampere amasekethe egatsha anikezela ngezitolo noma izinto ezifakwe emakhishini okuhlala, amagumbi omndeni, amagumbi okudlela, amagumbi okuhlala, ama-parlors, imitapo yolwazi, imihume, amagumbi okulala, amagumbi elanga, amagumbi okungcebeleka, amakhabethe, amaphasishi, izindawo zokuwasha, noma amagumbi afanayo noma izindawo zizovikelwa ama-AFCI.

Imvamisa, amasekhethi athola ukuvikeleka kwe-AFCI kusetshenziswa izinqamuli zesekethe ze-AFCI ezivikela zonke izitolo namadivayisi aseduze nesekethe, kodwa lapho lokhu kungasebenzi, ungasebenzisa izitolo ze-AFCI njengezixazululo eziyisipele.

Ukuvikelwa kwe-AFCI akudingekile ekufakweni okukhona, kodwa lapho isekethe inwetshwa noma ibuyekezwa ngesikhathi kulungiswa kabusha, kufanele ithole ukuvikelwa kwe-AFCI.Ngakho, osebenza ngogesi osebenza kusistimu yakho unesibopho sokuvuselela isekethe ngokuvikelwa kwe-AFCI njengengxenye yanoma yimuphi umsebenzi awenzayo kuyo.Ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, kusho ukuthi cishe zonke izinguquko zama-circuit breaker manje sezizokwenziwa ngeziphuli ze-AFCI kunoma iyiphi indawo ukuze kulandelwe i-NEC (Ikhodi Kagesi Kazwelonke).

Akuyona yonke imiphakathi ethobela i-NEC, nokho, sicela uhlole iziphathimandla zendawo ukuze uthole izidingo eziphathelene nokuvikelwa kwe-AFCI.