Izidingo Zekhodi Kagesi Yamagumbi

Amakhodi kagesi enzelwe ukuvikela abanikazi bezindlu nabahlali basekhaya.Le mithetho eyisisekelo izokunikeza imiqondo yalokho abahloli bakagesi abakufunayo lapho bebuyekeza womabili amaphrojekthi okulungisa nokufakwa okusha.Amakhodi amaningi endawo asekelwe kwiKhodi Kagesi Kazwelonke (NEC), idokhumenti ebeka izinqubo ezidingekayo kuzo zonke izici zokusetshenziswa kukagesi okuhlala kanye nezohwebo.I-NEC ivamise ukubuyekezwa njalo eminyakeni emithathu—2014, 2017 njalonjalo—futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuba nezinguquko ezibalulekile kuKhodi.Sicela wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi imithombo yakho yolwazi ihlezi isekelwe Kwikhodi yakamuva.Izidingo zekhodi ezibalwe lapha zisekelwe enguqulweni ka-2017.

Amakhodi amaningi endawo alandela i-NEC, kodwa kungaba khona umehluko.Ikhodi yendawo ihlale ijabulela ukubaluleka kwe-NEC uma kunomehluko, ngakho-ke sicela uqiniseke ukuthi uthintana nomnyango wezokwakha wendawo ukuze uthole izidingo ezithile zekhodi zesimo sakho.

Iningi le-NEC libandakanya izimfuneko zokufakwa kukagesi okuvamile ezisebenza kuzo zonke izimo, nokho, kunezidingo eziqondile zamakamelo ngamanye.

Amakhodi Kagesi?

Amakhodi kagesi yimithetho noma imithetho ebeka ukuthi izintambo zikagesi zizofakwa kanjani ezindaweni zokuhlala.Zisetshenziselwa ukuphepha futhi zingahluka emakamelweni ahlukene.Ngokusobala, amakhodi kagesi alandela Ikhodi Kagesi Kazwelonke (NEC), kodwa amakhodi endawo kufanele alandelwe kuqala futhi okubaluleke kakhulu.

Ikhishi

Ikhishi lisebenzisa ugesi omningi uma liqhathaniswa namanye amagumbi endlini.Cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu edlule, ikhishi lalingase lisetshenziswe yisekethe eyodwa kagesi, kodwa manje, ikhishi elisanda kufakwa elinemishini evamile lidinga okungenani izifunda eziyisikhombisa nangaphezulu.

• Amakhishi kufanele okungenani abe namasekhethi amabili “ezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezincane” ezingu-20-amp 120-volt anikezela ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezindaweni zokubala.Lezi ngezemishini ye-plug-in ephathekayo.
• Ibanga/ihhavini kagesi idinga isekethe yayo ezinikele engu-120/240-volt.
• Umshini wokuwasha izitsha nokulahlwa kukadoti kokubili kudinga amasekethe azo azinikele angu-120-volt.Lawa kungaba amasekhethi angu-15-amp noma angu-20-amp, kuye ngomthwalo kagesi wento esebenza ngayo (hlola izincomo zomkhiqizi; ngokuvamile ama-amp angu-15 anele).Isekethe yomshini wokuwasha izitsha idinga ukuvikelwa kwe-GFCI, kodwa isifunda sokulahla udoti asikwenzi—ngaphandle uma umkhiqizi esho.
• Isiqandisi kanye ne-microwave ngayinye idinga amasekhethi ayo azinikele angu-120-volt.Isilinganiso se-amperage kufanele sifanele umthwalo kagesi wento esetshenziswayo;lezi kufanele kube amasekhethi angu-20-amp.
• Zonke izitsha ze-countertop nanoma iyiphi enye into engaphakathi kwamafidi angu-6 kasinki kufanele ivikelwe yi-GFCI.Izitsha ze-countertop kufanele zihlukaniswe ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-4.
• Ukukhanyisa kwasekhishini kufanele kuhlinzekwe ngesekhethi ehlukile engu-15-amp (ubuncane).

Amagumbi okugeza

Izindlu zangasese zamanje zinezidingo ezichazwe ngokucophelela ngenxa yokuba khona kwamanzi.Ngamalambu azo, amafeni okukhipha umoya, nezitolo ezingase zinike amandla okomisa izinwele nezinye izinto zikagesi, izindlu zangasese zisebenzisa amandla amaningi futhi zingadinga isekethe engaphezu kweyodwa.

• Izimpahla zokuphuma kufanele zinikezwe isekethe engu-20-amp.Isifunda esifanayo singanikeza yonke indlu yokugezela (izitolo kanye nokukhanyisa), inqobo nje uma zingekho izifudumezi (kuhlanganise namafeni we-vent anezifudumezi ezakhelwe ngaphakathi) futhi inqobo nje uma isekethe isebenza indlu yokugezela eyodwa kuphela futhi kungekho ezinye izindawo.Kungenjalo, kufanele kube nesekethe engu-20-amp yezimpahla zokwamukela kuphela, kanye nesekethe engu-15- noma 20-amp yokukhanyisa.
• Abalandeli be-vent abanamahitha akhelwe ngaphakathi kumele babe kumasekhethi abo azinikele angama-20-amp.
• Zonke izitsha zikagesi ezindlini zokugezela kufanele zibe nesiphazamisi se-ground-fault circuit-interrupter (GFCI) ukuze zivikelwe.
• Indlu yokugezela idinga okungenani isitsha esisodwa esingu-120-volt phakathi kwamafidi angu-3 onqenqema olungaphandle lomcengezi wokucwila ngamunye.Osinki be-Duel banganikezwa isitsha esisodwa esibekwe phakathi kwabo.
• Izinto ezikhanyayo endaweni yeshawa noma yokugeza kufanele zilinganiselwe izindawo ezimanzi ngaphandle uma zingaphansi kwesifutho seshawa, lapho kufanele zilinganiselwe izindawo ezimanzi.

Igumbi lokuhlala, Igumbi lokudlela, kanye namakamelo okulala

Izindawo zokuhlala ezijwayelekile zingabasebenzisi bamandla abanesizotha, kodwa zibonise ngokucacile izidingo zikagesi.Lezi zindawo zivame ukusetshenzwa ngamasekethe angu-120-volt 15-amp noma angu-20-amp angakwazi ukukhonza igumbi elilodwa kuphela.

• Lawa makamelo adinga ukuba inkinobho yodonga ibekwe eceleni komnyango wokungena wekamelo ukuze ukwazi ukukhanyisa igumbi lapho ungena kulo.Le swishi ingalawula ukukhanya kosilingi, ukukhanya odongeni, noma isitsha sokuxhuma isibani.I-ceiling fixture kumele ilawulwe yi-wall switch kune-pull chain.
• Izithako zodonga zingase zibekwe kude okungamamitha angu-12 ukusuka kunoma iyiphi indawo yodonga.Noma yisiphi isigaba sodonga esingaphezu kwamafidi angu-2 kufanele sibe nesitsha.
• Amakamelo okudlela ngokuvamile adinga isekethe ehlukile engu-20-amp endaweni eyodwa esetshenziselwa i-microwave, isikhungo sokuzijabulisa, noma i-air conditioner yewindi.

Izitezi

Kudingeka ukuqapha okukhethekile ezitebhisini ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izinyathelo zikhanyiswa kahle ukuze kuncishiswe amathuba okwehluleka futhi kuncishiswe ingozi ebangelwe.

• Kudingeka amaswishi ezindlela ezintathu phezulu nangaphansi kwesitebhisi ngasinye ukuze izibani zikhanyise futhi zicinywe kuzo zombili iziphetho.
• Uma izitebhisi zijika lapho kufika khona, kungase kudingeke wengeze izinto zokukhanyisa ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi zonke izindawo ziyakhanyiswa.

Amaphasishi

Izindawo zamaphasishi zingaba zinde futhi zidinga ukukhanya okwanele kophahla.Qinisekisa ukuthi ubeka ukukhanya okwanele ukuze izithunzi zingaphonswa uma uhamba.Khumbula ukuthi amaphasishi ngokuvamile asebenza njengemizila yokubaleka uma kunezimo eziphuthumayo.

• Iphasishi elingaphezu kwamamitha angu-10 ubude liyadingeka ukuze kube nendawo yokuphuma ukuze isetshenziswe ngenjongo evamile.
• Kudingeka amaswishi ezindlela ezintathu ekugcineni ngakunye kwephasishi, okuvumela ukukhanya kosilingi ukuthi kuvulwe futhi kucishwe kuzo zombili iziphetho.
• Uma kuneminyango eyengeziwe ehlinzekwa yiphasishi, njengekamelo lokulala noma emibili, cishe ufuna ukwengeza ukushintsha okunezinhlangothi ezine eduze komnyango ngaphandle kwegumbi ngalinye.

Ama-closets

Ama-closets adinga ukulandela imithetho eminingi emayelana nohlobo lokulungisa kanye nokubekwa.

• Izinto ezilungiswayo ezinamalambu okukhanya kwe-incandescent (imvamisa zishisa kakhulu) kufanele zivalwe ngegilavu ​​noma ngekhava futhi azikwazi ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwamayintshi angu-12 kunoma yiziphi izindawo zokugcina izingubo (noma ama-intshi angu-6 okulungiswa kabusha).
• Izinto ezilungiswayo ezinamalambu e-LED kufanele okungenani zibe ama-intshi angu-12 kude nezindawo zokugcina (noma ama-intshi angu-6 uma zihlehliswa).
• Izinto ezilungiswayo ezinamalambu e-CFL (compact fluorescent) zingabekwa phakathi kwamayintshi angu-6 ezindawo zokugcina.
• Zonke izinto ezibekwe phezulu (hhayi ukuhlehliswa) kumele zibe kusilingi noma odongeni ngaphezu komnyango.

Indlu yokuwasha

Izidingo zikagesi zegumbi lokuhlanza zizohluka, kuncike ekutheni isomisi sezingubo singugesi noma igesi.

• Igumbi lokuwashela lidinga okungenani isekethe eyodwa yama-amp angu-20 ukuze kufakwe izinto zokuwasha;lesi sifunda singahlinzeka ngewasha izingubo noma isomisi segesi.
• Isomisi sikagesi sidinga isifunda saso esingu-30-amp, 240-volt esinezintambo ezine (amasekethe amadala avame ukuba nama-conductor amathathu).
• Zonke izitsha kufanele zivikelwe yi-GFCI.

Igalaji

Kusukela ku-NEC ka-2017, amagaraji asanda kwakhiwa adinga okungenani isekethe eyodwa ezinikele engu-120-volt 20-amp ukuze asebenze igaraji kuphela.Le sekethi cishe yizinto zokwamukela amandla ezifakwe ngaphandle kwegaraji.

• Ngaphakathi egalaji, kufanele okungenani kube neswishi eyodwa yokulawula ukukhanya.Kunconywa ukufaka ukushintshwa kwezindlela ezintathu ukuze kube lula phakathi kweminyango.
• Amagaraji kufanele abe nesitsha esisodwa okungenani, okuhlanganisa nesikhala semoto ngasinye.
• Zonke izitsha zegalaji kufanele zivikelwe yi-GFCI.

Izidingo Ezengeziwe

Izidingo ze-AFCI.I-NEC idinga ukuthi cishe wonke amasekethe egatsha okukhanyisa nezimpahla ezisendlini kufanele abe nesivikelo se-arc-fault circuit-interrupter (AFCI).Lolu wuhlobo lokuvikela oluqapha ukudubula (i-arcing) futhi ngalokho kunciphisa amathuba omlilo.Qaphela ukuthi imfuneko ye-AFCI yengeza kunoma yikuphi ukuvikelwa kwe-GFCI okudingekayo—i-AFCI ayishintshi noma isuse isidingo sokuvikelwa kwe-GFCI.

Izidingo ze-AFCI zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni okusha—asikho isidingo sokuthi isistimu ekhona kufanele ibuyekezwe ukuze ihambisane nezidingo ze-AFCI yokwakha entsha.Kodwa-ke, kusukela ekubuyekezweni kwe-NEC yango-2017, lapho abanikazi bezindlu noma abasebenza ngogesi bebuyekeza noma beshintsha izinsiza ezihlulekayo noma amanye amadivayisi, kudingeka ukuthi bengeze ukuvikelwa kwe-AFCI kuleyo ndawo.Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningi:

• I-breaker circuit evamile ingashintshwa nge-breaker circuit ye-AFCI ekhethekile.Lona umsebenzi womuntu osebenza ngogesi onelayisensi.Ukwenza kanjalo kuzodala ukuvikelwa kwe-AFCI kuwo wonke umjikelezo.
• I-receptacle ehlulekayo ingashintshwa ngele-AFCI.Lokhu kuzohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kwe-AFCI kuphela kwesitsha esishintshwayo.
• Lapho kudingeka khona futhi ukuvikela kwe-GFCI (njengamakhishi nezindlu zokugezela), isitsha sokugeza singashintshwa sibe nesitsha esimbaxambili se-AFCI/GFCI.

Izimpahla ezimelana ne-tamper.Zonke izitsha ezijwayelekile kufanele zibe uhlobo olungavimbeli ukuphazamisa (TR).Lokhu kuklanywe ngesici sokuphepha esakhelwe ngaphakathi esivimbela izingane ekunamathiseleni izinto ezindaweni zokudonsa.