Zaka zitatu zilizonse, mamembala a National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) azikhala ndi misonkhano yowunikira, kusintha ndi kuwonjezera National Electrical Code (NEC), kapena NFPA 70, zofunika kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo chamagetsi pazida zogona, zamalonda ndi zamakampani. onjezerani chitetezo chamagetsi kuti mugwiritse ntchito mtendere wamalingaliro.Monga membala yekhayo wa membala wa UL wa GFCI kudera lalikulu la China, Faith Electric aziyang'ana mosalekeza pazosintha zatsopano komanso zotheka.
Tifufuza chifukwa chotsatira mbali zisanu ndi imodzi zomwe NEC ingaganizirepo izi ndikusintha.
Chitetezo cha GFCI
Kusintha kumachokera ku NEC 2020.
Gulu lopanga ma code 2 (CMP 2) lidachotsa zonena za 15A ndi 20A pozindikira chitetezo cha GFCI pachotengera chilichonse chomwe chili m'malo omwe adziwika.
Mphamvu ya kusintha
Iyi ndi njira yosinthira 210.8(A) ya malo okhala ndi 210.8(B) kwa ena kupatula malo okhala.Ndemanga za akatswiri opanga zamagetsi, ogulitsa ndi makontrakitala tsopano azindikira kuti zilibe kanthu kuti GFCI yayikidwa kuti ndipo sitiyenera kuzindikira malo osiyanasiyana.CMP 2 idazindikiranso kuti chiwopsezo sichisintha ngati dera lili lalikulu kuposa ma amps 20.Kaya kukhazikitsa ndi 15 mpaka 20 amps kapena 60 amps, zoopsa zadera zikadalipo ndipo chitetezo ndichofunika.
Kodi NEC 2023 ingagwire chiyani?
Pamene zofunikira za GFCI zikupitilirabe kusintha, kugwirizanitsa kwazinthu (kuyenda kosafunikira) kumadyabe akatswiri ena, nthawi zambiri popanda chifukwa.Komabe, ndikukhulupirira kuti makampaniwa apitiliza kupanga zatsopano zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ma GFCI.Kuphatikiza apo, ena amakhulupirira kuti ndikwanzeru kukulitsa chitetezo cha GFCI kumagawo onse anthambi.Ndikuyembekeza mikangano yamphamvu yokhudzana ndi chitetezo chowonjezereka poyerekeza ndi mtengo wake pamene makampani akuganizira zowunikira zamtsogolo.
Zida zolowera utumiki
Kusintha kumachokera ku NEC 2020
Zosintha za NEC zikupitilizabe cholinga chogwirizanitsa ma code ndi kupita patsogolo kwazinthu.Mwina tikambirana zinthu zotsatirazi zachitetezo:
- Mapanelo apantchito okhala ndi zolumikizira zisanu ndi chimodzi saloledwanso.
- Zozimitsa zozimitsa moto zokhala ndi banja limodzi ndi awiri tsopano zikuphatikizidwa.
- Zofunikira zotchinga m'mbali mwa mizere zimakulitsidwa ku zida zothandizira kupitilira mapanelo.
- Kuchepetsa kwa Arc kwa mautumiki 1200 ma amps ndi okulirapo kuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mafunde a arc amathandizira ukadaulo wochepetsera arc.
- Miyezo yaposachedwa (SCCR): zolumikizira zokakamiza ndi zida ziyenera kulembedwa "zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamzere wa zida zogwirira ntchito" kapena zofanana.
- Zida zodzitchinjiriza ndizofunikira panyumba zonse.
Mphamvu ya kusintha
NEC idazindikira zofooka ndi zoopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zida ndipo idasintha malamulo ambiri omwe adakhalapo kwanthawi yayitali.Chifukwa palibe chitetezo ku zofunikira, NEC idayamba kusintha ma code a utumiki mu 2014 ndipo lero ikudziwa zambiri zamakono ndi zothetsera zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa ndi kuchepetsa mwayi wa arc flash ndi mantha.
Kodi NEC 2023 ingagwire chiyani?
Malamulo omwe takhala nawo ndikuwavomereza kwa zaka zambiri tsopano akufunsidwa pamene teknoloji ikupita patsogolo.Ndi izi, chidziwitso chachitetezo mkati mwamakampani athu ndi NEC ipitiliza kutsutsa miyambo.
Zida zokonzedwanso
Kusintha kumachokera ku NEC 2020
Zosintha zidzakhazikitsa maziko a zoyesayesa zamtsogolo zowonjezera kumveka bwino, kukulitsa ndi kukonza zofunikira mkati mwa NEC pazida zokonzedwanso ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito.Zosinthazi ndi njira yoyamba ya NEC yowonetsetsa kuti zida zamagetsi zakonzedwanso moyenera.
Mphamvu ya kusintha
Ngakhale zida zokonzedwanso zili ndi zabwino zake, si zida zonse zomangidwanso zomwe zimapangidwanso mofanana.Ndi izi, komiti yolumikizanayo idapereka ndemanga pagulu ku mapanelo onse, ndikufunsa aliyense kuti aganizire zida zomwe zili m'manja mwake ndikuzindikira zomwe zingathe komanso zomwe sizingabwezeretsedwe malinga ndi malipiro a National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) pazida zokonzedwanso.
Kodi NEC 2023 ingagwire chiyani?
Timawona zovuta kumbali ziwiri.Choyamba, NEC idzafunika kuwonjezera kumveka bwino kwa mawu akuti "kukonzanso," "kukonzanso" ndi zina zotero.Chachiwiri, zosintha sizimalamulaBwanjiogulitsa ayenera kukonzanso zida, zomwe zikuwonetsa nkhawa zachitetezo.Ndi izi, ogulitsa ayenera kudalira zolemba zoyambirira za opanga.Ndikukhulupirira kuti makampani awona kuwonjezeka kwa chidziwitso cha zolemba ndikudzutsa mafunso ambiri, monga kuyika zida zokonzedwanso ku muyezo umodzi kapena zambiri.Kupanga zizindikiro zowonjezera kungayambitsenso mkangano.
Kuyesa magwiridwe antchito
Kusintha kumachokera ku NEC 2020
NEC tsopano ikufunika kuyezetsa jakisoni waposachedwa pazida zina za Article 240.87 zitayikidwa.Kutsatira malangizo a wopanga kumaloledwanso chifukwa kuyesa koyambirira kwa jakisoni sikungakhale komveka nthawi zonse.
Mphamvu ya kusintha
Gawoli lidakhazikitsidwa ndi zofunikira za NEC zomwe zidalipo pakuyesa kutetezedwa kwamatekinoloje a zida pakuyika, ndipo palibe zofunikira pakuyesa zida za 240.87 mutakhazikitsa.M'magawo ofunikira pagulu, ena m'makampani adawonetsa kukhudzidwa ndi kukwera mtengo kwa zida zoyesera, kuyesa magawo olondola a magwiridwe antchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malangizo a opanga akutsatiridwa.Kusintha kwa malamulowa kumakhudzanso zina mwazovutazi ndipo, koposa zonse, kumapititsa patsogolo chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito.
Kodi NEC 2023 ingagwire chiyani?
NEC nthawi zambiri imasankha zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa, koma sizimatanthauzira momwe zosintha zimakhalira.M'menemo, tiyeni tiwone zomwe zidzachitike pambuyo pa msonkhano wotsatira wa NEC ndikuyembekeza zokambirana zomwe zikubwera zokhuza kuyika pambuyo pake.
Katundu mawerengedwe
Kusintha kumachokera ku NEC 2020
CMP 2 ichepetsa zochulukitsa zowerengera kuti ziwerengere njira zowunikira zowunikira kwambiri kuposa malo okhala.
Mphamvu ya kusintha
Makampani opanga magetsi amayang'ana kwambiri kukhazikika, kuchepetsa mapazi a carbon ndikupanga matekinoloje omwe amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.Komabe, NEC inali isanasinthe mawerengedwe a katundu kuti agwirizane.Kusintha kwa khodi ya 2020 kudzawerengera kutsika kwa VA kogwiritsa ntchito katundu wowunikira ndikusintha mawerengedwe moyenerera.Zizindikiro zamphamvu zimayendetsa kusintha;maulamuliro m'dziko lonselo amakakamiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagetsi (kapena mwina ayi), ndipo yankho lomwe laperekedwa limawaganizira onse.Chifukwa chake, NEC itenga njira yochepetsera kuchepetsa ochulukitsa kuti atsimikizire kuti mabwalo sakuyenda bwino.
Kodi NEC 2023 ingagwire chiyani?
Mwayi ulipo wowongolera kuwerengera katundu wazinthu zina monga machitidwe ofunikira kwambiri azachipatala, koma makampaniwo ayenera kuchita mosamala.Malo azachipatala ndi amodzi pomwe mphamvu sizitha, makamaka panthawi yazachipatala.Ndikukhulupirira kuti makampaniwa agwira ntchito kuti amvetsetse zovuta kwambiri ndikuzindikira njira yoyenera yowerengera zida monga ma feeder, mabwalo anthambi ndi zida zolowera ntchito.
Mphamvu yolakwika yomwe ilipo komanso yosakhalitsa
Kusintha kumachokera ku NEC 2020
NEC idzafunika kuyika chizindikiro pazomwe zilipo pazida zonse, kuphatikiza ma switchboards, switchgear ndi mapanelo.Zosintha zidzakhudza zida zosakhalitsa zamagetsi:
- Ndime 408.6 idzafikira ku zida zamagetsi zosakhalitsa ndipo imafuna zilembo zazomwe zilipo komanso tsiku lowerengera.
- Ndime 590.8(B) pazida zodzitchinjiriza kwakanthawi kochepa pakati pa 150 volts mpaka pansi ndi 1000 volts gawo-to-phase ikhala yochepera pano
Mphamvu ya kusintha
Ma boardboard, ma switchboards ndi switchgear sizinali gawo la zosintha zamakhodi a 2017 zolembera zolakwika zomwe zilipo.NEC ikupitilizabe kuchitapo kanthu kuti ionjezere mwayi woti mavoti ndi apamwamba kuposa omwe akupezeka pakali pano.Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pamagetsi osakhalitsa omwe amasuntha kuchoka kumalo ogwirira ntchito kupita kumalo ogwirira ntchito ndikukumana ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu.Kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zikugwira ntchito moyenera, zida zosakhalitsa zidzachepetsa kupsinjika kwamagetsi mosasamala kanthu komwe dongosolo lakanthawi kochepa lakhazikitsidwa.
Kodi NEC 2023 ingagwire chiyani?
NEC ikupitiliza kuyang'ana pazofunikira monga nthawi zonse.Kusokoneza mavoti ndi SCCR ndizofunikira pachitetezo, koma sakulandira chisamaliro choyenera m'munda.Ndikuyembekeza kuyika chizindikiro pamapanelo okhala ndi SCCR ndi zolakwika zomwe zilipo kuti zithandizire kusintha kwamakampani ndikudziwitsanso momwe zida zimalembedwera kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa SCCR.Zida zina zimakhala ndi SCCR pazida zotsika kwambiri zosokoneza chitetezo chanthawi yayitali, koma owunika ndi oyika ayenera kukumbukira izi kuti atsimikizire kuyika koyenera.Kulemba zida kudzawunikiridwa, monganso njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito powerengera zolakwika.
Kuyang'ana zam'tsogolo
Kusintha kwa ma code 2023 kudzakhala kwakukulu chifukwa gulu lopanga ma code likuwoneka kuti likusintha zofunikira zoyesedwa ndi zoona - zina zomwe zakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri.N’zoona kuti pali zinthu zambiri zofunika kuziganizira panopa komanso m’tsogolo.Tiyeni tikhale tcheru zomwe NEC ya mtundu wotsatira idzapangire pamakampaniwa kuphatikiza zida zina monga zotengera za 15/20A GFCI, AFCI GFCI Combo, zotengera za USB, ndi zotengera zamagetsi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-28-2022