Malinga ndi General Electrical Home Inspection Standards of Practice, "Woyang'anira aziyang'ana zotengera zonse zodulitsa magetsi ndi zotchingira magetsi zomwe zimawonedwa ndikuwoneka kuti ndi ma GFCI pogwiritsa ntchito choyesa cha GFCI, ngati kuli kotheka ... ndi zotengera, kuphatikiza zotengera zomwe zimawonedwa ndikuwoneka kuti ndi arc-fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) -zotetezedwa pogwiritsa ntchito batani loyesa la AFCI, ngati kuli kotheka."Oyang'anira nyumba akuyenera kudziwa zambiri zotsatirazi kuti amvetsetse momwe angayendetsere moyenera komanso moyenera ma GFCI ndi ma AFCI.
Zoyambira
Kuti mumvetsetse ma GFCI ndi ma AFCI, ndikofunikira kudziwa matanthauzidwe angapo.Chipangizo ndi gawo la dongosolo lamagetsi, osati waya wa kondakitala, womwe umanyamula kapena kuwongolera magetsi.Kusintha kwa kuwala ndi chitsanzo cha chipangizo.Chotuluka ndi malo opangira ma wiring pomwe zida zamagetsi zimatha kupezeka.Mwachitsanzo, chotsukira mbale chikhoza kulumikizidwa mumtsuko mkati mwa sink cabinet.Dzina lina la chotengera chamagetsi ndi chotengera chamagetsi.
Kodi GFCI ndi chiyani?
GFCI ndi chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu waya wamagetsi kuti mutsegule chiwongolero chamagetsi pamene magetsi osakwanira azindikirika pakati pa kondakitala wamphamvu ndi kondakitala wosalowerera ndale.Kusalinganika koteroko nthawi zina kumayamba chifukwa cha "kuthamanga" kwamakono kupyolera mwa munthu yemwe nthawi yomweyo akukumana ndi nthaka ndi gawo lamphamvu la dera, zomwe zingayambitse mantha akupha.Ma GFCI adapangidwa kuti aziteteza zinthu ngati izi, mosiyana ndi zozungulira zozungulira, zomwe zimateteza kuchulukitsitsa, mabwalo amfupi ndi zolakwika zapansi.
Kodi AFCI ndi chiyani?
Arc-fault circuit interrupters (AFCIs) ndi mitundu yapadera ya zotengera zamagetsi kapena malo ogulitsira ndi zotchingira ma circuit zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zizindikire ndi kuyankha ku ma arcs amagetsi omwe angakhale oopsa mu waya wa nthambi zakunyumba.Monga momwe adapangidwira, ma AFCI amagwira ntchito poyang'anira mawonekedwe amagetsi amagetsi ndikutsegula mwamsanga (kusokoneza) dera lomwe amagwiritsira ntchito ngati awona kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a mafunde omwe ali ndi arc yoopsa.Kuphatikiza pa kuzindikira kwa mafunde owopsa (arcs omwe angayambitse moto), ma AFCI amapangidwanso kuti asiyanitse ma arc otetezeka, abwinobwino.Chitsanzo cha arc iyi ndi pomwe chosinthira chimayatsidwa kapena pulagi imakokedwa pachotengera.Zosintha zazing'ono kwambiri zamafunde amatha kuzindikirika, kuzindikira, ndikuyankhidwa ndi ma AFCI.
2015 International Residential Code (IRC) Zofunikira za GFCIs ndi AFCIs
Chonde onani Gawo E3902 la 2015 IRC lomwe likukhudzana ndi GFCIs ndi AFCIs.
Chitetezo cha GFCI chikulimbikitsidwa pa izi:
- 15- ndi 20-amp khitchini zotengera zapakhitchini ndi malo otsuka mbale;
- 15- ndi 20-amp bafa ndi zotengera zovala;
- 15- ndi 20-amp zotengera mkati mwa mapazi 6 kuchokera kunja kwa sinki, bafa kapena shawa;
- pansi zotenthedwa ndi magetsi m’zipinda zosambira, m’khitchini, ndi m’machubu ochitiramo hydromassage, malo osungiramo malo, ndi mabafa otentha;
- 15- ndi 20-amp zotengera zakunja, zomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi chitetezo cha GFCI, kupatula zotengera zomwe sizipezeka mosavuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zosungunula chipale chofewa kwakanthawi ndipo zili pagawo lodzipereka;
- 15- ndi 20-amp zotengera m'magalaja ndi nyumba zosungira zosamalizidwa;
- 15- ndi 20-amp zotengera m'nyumba za boathouse ndi 240-volt ndi malo ocheperako pamabwato;
- 15- ndi 20-amp zotengera m'zipinda zapansi zosamalizidwa, kupatula zosungiramo moto kapena ma alarm akuba;ndi
- 15- ndi 20-amp zotengera mu crawlspaces pansi kapena pansi pa nthaka.
Ma GFCI ndi ma AFCI akuyenera kuyikidwa m'malo opezeka mosavuta chifukwa ali ndi mabatani oyesera omwe amayenera kukankhidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.Opanga amalimbikitsa kuti eni nyumba ndi oyang'anira aziyesa kapena kuzungulira zophulika ndi zotengera nthawi ndi nthawi kuti zitsimikizire kuti zida zamagetsi zikugwira ntchito bwino.
Chitetezo cha AFCI chikulimbikitsidwa pazigawo za 15- ndi 20-amp pazigawo zanthambi za zipinda zogona, zipinda, mapanga, zipinda zodyera, zipinda za mabanja, zipinda zam'mwamba, khitchini, malo ochapira, malaibulale, zipinda zogona, ma parlors, zipinda zosangalatsa, ndi zipinda za dzuwa.
Zipinda kapena malo ofanana ayenera kutetezedwa ndi izi:
- AFCI yamtundu wophatikizika yomwe imayikidwa panthambi yonse.NEC ya 2005 inkafuna ma AFCI ophatikizika, koma Januware 1, 2008 isanafike, ma AFCI a nthambi/odyetsa anagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- chowotcha chanthambi/chodyetsa chamtundu wa AFCI choyikidwa pagulu limodzi ndi chotengera cha AFCI pabokosi loyamba lotulutsira dera.
- chowonjezera chowonjezera cha arc-protection circuit breaker (chomwe sichinapangidwenso) chomwe chimayikidwa pagulu limodzi ndi chotengera cha AFCI chomwe chimayikidwa potulukira koyamba, pomwe zonse zotsatirazi zikukwaniritsidwa:
- mawaya amapitilira pakati pa wosweka ndi AFCI;
- kutalika kwa mawaya sikuposa mapazi 50 pawaya wa 14-gauge, ndi mapazi 70 pawaya wa 12-gauge;ndi
- bokosi loyamba lotulutsira limalembedwa kuti ndilo loyamba.
- chotengera chojambulidwa cha AFCI choyikidwa poyambira koyamba padera lophatikizana ndi chida chotetezedwa mopitilira muyeso, pomwe izi zonse zimakwaniritsidwa:
- wiring ndi mosalekeza pakati pa chipangizo ndi cholandirira;
- kutalika kwa mawaya sikuposa mapazi 50 kwa waya wa 14-gauge ndi 70 mapazi a 12-gauge waya;
- chotulukira choyamba chimalembedwa kuti ndicho chotulukira koyamba;ndi
- kuphatikiza kwa chipangizo choteteza mopitilira muyeso ndi cholandirira cha AFCI zimazindikiridwa kuti zikukwaniritsa zofunikira za mtundu wophatikiza wa AFCI.
- chotengera cha AFCI ndi njira yolumikizira zitsulo;ndi
- chotengera cha AFCI ndi konkire.
Chidule
Mwachidule, pofuna kuwonetsetsa kuti zotchingira madera ndi zotengera zikugwira ntchito moyenera, eni nyumba ndi oyang'anira nyumba azizungulira kapena kuyesa zida zamagetsi kuti zizigwira ntchito moyenera.Kusintha kwaposachedwa kwa IRC kumafuna chitetezo chapadera cha GFCI ndi AFCI pazotengera 15- ndi 20-amp.Oyang'anira nyumba akuyenera kudziwa bwino malangizo atsopanowa kuti atsimikizire kuyesedwa koyenera ndi kuyang'anira ma GFCI ndi ma AFCI.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-22-2022